Until recently, there were two main ways to get cash from your home:
Reverse Mortgages give you a third way of getting money from your home. You don't have to sell your house and move or repay a loan, which can be particularly difficult when living on a fixed income in retirement (if you can even qualify for the loan without a monthly paycheck).
A Reverse Mortgage is a loan against your home that you do not have to pay back for as long as you live there. You pay the money back plus interest when you die, sell your home, or permanently move out of your home.
Reverse Mortgages enable you to turn the value of your home into cash to fund your retirement plan. Reverse Mortgages can be tailored to your needs. You can take cash out of your home:
Borrowers must be at least 62 years of age for most Reverse Mortgages and generally must occupy the home as a principal residence (you must live there the majority of the year).
Single family one-unit dwellings are eligible properties for reverse mortgages. Some programs may also accept 2-4 unit owner-occupied dwellings, coops, along with some condominiums, planned unit developments, and manufactured homes. Generally homes that are less than a year old are not eligible.
With a Reverse Mortgage, you will never owe more than the value of your house. In this regard, a Reverse Mortgage is part loan and part insurance product - the Reverse Mortgage lenders are pooling their risk across many customers and making a calculated bet that most will pay back the loan in full with proceeds from the future sale of their home.
You're not making any bets with your retirement income planning. You can continue living in your home and enjoying enhanced retirement income from your Reverse Mortgage, even if what you owe the Reverse Mortgage lenders has exceeded the value of your home. You will continue to receive any payments that you are due from the Reverse Mortgage no matter what the balance on the loan is. When you move out of your house, you will only owe the current value of the house and nothing more.
Each situation is unique and you should consult a tax advisor, but generally, Reverse Mortgages provide tax-free income through the equity release from your home.
Money from a Reverse Mortgage is tax deductable, in the manner of a normal mortgage. However, unlike a normal mortgage, you cannot normally write off the interest accrued on a reverse mortgage until you actually repay the loan.
Both products offer you money now - using your house as the source of funds
Taking a loan to buy or refinance your home means borrowing from the bank, and you will need to immediately start making payments on that debt to increase the equity in your home.
A reverse mortgage is the reverse or opposite of a home loan - some call home loans "forward mortgages". Instead of making payments on your home, you earn income from your home. With a Reverse Mortgage, your debt balance gets larger while your equity and possibly, the value of your estate decreases.
However, the typical costs over the life of the loan are higher (closing costs and interest on principal), but the risks are lower.
Reverse mortgages do not generally affect Social Security, Medicare or pension benefits. However, if you are currently eligible for Medicaid or other low-income help from the government, you need to be careful that income from a Reverse Mortgage does not eliminate your eligibility for these public programs.
Costs of a Reverse Home Mortgage include:
It is important to note two things:
Your benefits will be determined by the following factors:
Generally, there are no restrictions on how you use money from a Reverse Mortgage.
AARP and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) conducted a survey of Reverse Mortgage borrowers to learn how they used the proceeds from their Reverse Mortgages. They found that households used Reverse Mortgages in the following ways:
Additionally, using a Reverse Mortgage as an estate and retirement planning tool is particularly advantageous - see Innovative Uses for a Reverse Mortgage for more information.
HECM is an acronym for Home Equity Conversion Mortgage - a federally insured Reverse Mortgage – and currently the only Reverse Mortgage program widely available.